![]() ![]() More accurate instruments for measuring and observing weather conditions, new systems of communication, and the development of satellites, radar, and high-speed computers to process and analyze weather data have helped meteorologists and the general public to get a better understanding of the atmosphere. During the war a very clear-cut relationship was established between the effectiveness of new weapons and the atmosphere. Not until World War II, however, was great financial support given to the development of meteorology. Observations of the upper atmosphere from balloons and airplanes started after World War I. ![]() Simultaneous comparison and study of weather was impossible until the telegraph was invented. Galileo invented the thermometer in 1593 and Evangelista Torricelli invented the barometer in 1643. The basic meteorological instruments were all invented hundreds of years ago. Meteorology is an observational science: the study of the atmosphere, weather, and climate. There are about 7,400 atmospheric scientists employed in the United States. Other areas of research used to forecast weather may include ocean currents and temperature. ![]() To predict future weather patterns and to develop increased accuracy in weather study and forecasting, meteorologists conduct research on such subjects as atmospheric electricity, clouds, precipitation, hurricanes, and data collected from weather satellites. They forecast such data as temperature, winds, precipitation, cloud cover, and flying conditions. By analyzing weather maps covering large geographic areas and related charts, like upper-air maps and soundings, they can predict the movement of fronts, precipitation, and pressure areas. Meteorologists, or atmospheric scientists, study weather conditions and forecast weather changes. ![]()
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